Age structure is the most fundamental population structure, thus, assessing the accuracy of age reporting is an important prerequisite for census data usage. Using the data from population censuses and sample surveys, this paper employs the methods of comparing with other data sources, cohort survival ratio, modified Whipple index, and Sign Test to investigate the accuracy of age data in the 7th population census. The number of annual births estimated from population aged 0-9 in the 7th census and that releaseal by the National Bureau of Statistics are quite close, which preliminarily suggests that there is no obvious underreporting in the lowage group of the 7th census. The cohort survival ratios abnormally fluctuate in the age group of 10-40, reflecting the underreporting in the lowage group, the overreporting in youth group, and the larger overreporting of women of childbearing age than males in the 6th census. In addition, this study adopts the modified Whipple index and Sign Test method to examine the accuracy of age reporting in the 7th census. The results show that the 7th census age data is of high quality without obvious age heaping at the national level.

This paper conducts cluster analysis on health differences across provinces and health imbalance within provinces in China at four dimensions of life expectancy,maternal and child health,health service resources and public health.Results show that areas with longer life expectancy have better maternal and child health and more adequate health services,while their problems are insufficiency of utilization of health services and relative high infectious disease morbidity and mortality.Regions with lower life expectancy tend to face more pluralistic problems.This may provide policy implications for health promotion and intervention.The paper also discusses issues of pre-marital examination rate,physical examination rates,utilization of beds,and structure of infectious diseases.